Tips for Learning French As an Adult

Tips for Learning French As an Adult Learning French as an adult is not the same thing as learning it as a child. Children pick up language intuitively, without having to be taught grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. When learning their first language, they have nothing to compare it to, and they can often learn a second language the same way. Adults, on the other hand, tend to learn a language by comparing it to their native language - learning about similarities and differences. Adults often want to know why something is said a certain way in the new language, and tend to be frustrated by the usual response thats just the way it is. On the other hand, adults have an important advantage in that they choose to learn a language for some reason (travel, work, family) and being interested in learning something is very helpful in ones ability to actually learn it. The bottom line is that it is not impossible for anyone to learn French, no matter what their age. Ive received emails from adults of all ages who are learning French- including a woman of 85. Its never too late! Here are some guidelines that can help you learn French as an adult. What and How to Learn Start Learning What You Actually Want and Need to KnowIf youre planning a trip to France, learn travel French (airport vocabulary, asking for help). On the other hand, if youre learning French because you want to be able to chat with the French woman who lives down the street, learn basic vocabulary (greetings, numbers) and how to talk about yourself and others- likes and dislikes, family, etc. Once youve learned the basics for your purpose, you can start learning French related to your knowledge and experiences- your job, your interests, and from there onto other aspects of French. Learn the Way  That Works Best for YouIf you find that learning grammar is useful, learn that way. If grammar just frustrates you, try a more conversational approach. If you find textbooks daunting, try a book for kids. Try making lists of vocabulary- if that helps you, great; if not, try another approach, like labeling everything in your house or making flash cards. Dont let anyone tell you that there is only one right way to learn.Repetition is KeyUnless you have a photographic memory, youre going to need to learn and practice things a few or even many times before you know them. You can repeat exercises, answer the same questions, listen to the same sound files until you feel comfortable with them. In particular, listening and repeating many times is very good- this will help you improve your listening comprehension, speaking skills, and accent all at once.Learn TogetherMany people find that learning with others helps keep them on track. Consider taking a class; hiring a private tutor; or learning along with your child, spouse, or friend. Daily LearningHow much can you really learn in an hour a week? Make a habit of spending at least 15-30 minutes a day learning and/or practicing.Above and BeyondRemember that language and culture go hand in hand. Learning French is more than just verbs and vocabulary; its also about the French people and their art, music, etc.- not to mention the cultures of other francophone countries around the world. Learning Dos and Donts Be RealisticI once had a student in an adult ed. class who thought he could learn French along with 6 other languages in one year. He had a terrible time during the first few  classes  and then dropped. The moral? He had unreasonable expectations, and when he found out that French was not going to magically flow out of his mouth, he gave up. If he had been realistic, committed himself to one language, and practiced regularly, he could have learned a lot.Have FunMake your French learning interesting. Instead of just studying the language with books, try reading, watching TV/movies, listening to music- whatever interests you and keeps you motivated.Reward YourselfThe first time you remember that difficult vocabulary word, treat yourself to a croissant and  cafà © au lait. When you remember to use the subjunctive correctly, take in a French film. When youre ready, take a trip to France and put your French to the real test.Have a GoalIf you get discouraged, remember why you want t o learn. That goal should help you concentrate and stay inspired. Track Your ProgressKeep a journal with dates and exercises to make notes about your progress:  Finally  understand  passà © composà © vs  imparfait! Remembered conjugations for  venir!  Then you can look back over these milestones when you feel like youre not getting anywhere.Dont Stress Over MistakesIts normal to make mistakes, and in the  beginning,  youre better off getting several sentences out in mediocre French than just two perfect words. If you ask someone to correct you all the time, you will get frustrated.  Learn about how to  overcome speaking anxiety.Dont Ask Why?There are lots of things about French that youre going to wonder about- why things are said a certain way, why you cant say something another way. When you first start learning is not the time to try to figure this out. As you learn French, you will start to understand some of them, and others you can ask about later.Dont Translate Word for WordFrench is not just English with different word s- it is a different language with its own rules, exceptions, and idiosyncracies. You must learn to understand and translate concepts and ideas rather than just words.Dont Overdo ItYoure not going to be  fluent  in a week, a month, or even a year (unless maybe if youre living in France). Learning French is a journey, just like life. There is no magical point where everything is perfect- you learn some, you forget some, you learn some more. Practice makes perfect, but practicing for four hours a day might be overkill.   Learn and Practice Practice What Youve LearnedUsing the French youve learned is the best way to remember it. Join the  Alliance franà §aise, put up a notice at your local college or community center to find people interested in a  French club, chat with French-speaking neighbors and shopkeepers, and, above all, go to France if at all possible.Listen PassivelyYou can get extra practice by listening to French during your commute (in the car, on the bus or train) as well as while walking, jogging, biking, cooking, and cleaning.Vary Your Practice MethodsYou will almost certainly get bored if you just do grammar drills every day. You might try grammar drills on Monday,  vocabulary work  on Tuesday, listening exercises on Wednesday, etc.Act FrenchSome people find it useful to use an exaggerated accent ( la  Pà ©pà © le  pou  or Maurice Chevalier) to help them get into their studies more. Others find a glass of wine loosens their tongue and helps gets them into the French mood.Daily FrenchPra cticing every day is the single most important thing you can do to improve your French. There are numerous ways to  practice every day.

How to Control Flies in Your Home and Yard

How to Control Flies in Your Home and Yard Whats a barbecue or picnic without a few flies, right? Wrong. The flies you nonchalantly swat from your burger and coleslaw can make you sick. These flies, known as filth flies, make a living off animal feces and garbage. Flies pick up all manner of nasty bacteria, then transport the disease-causing organisms right to your food. Take a few measures to control flies in your backyard and your home, and youll be healthier for it. What Are Filth Flies? Filth flies carry disease-causing organisms and can be a threat to public health. These flies breed in bacteria-laden environments, such as feces, carrion, and human food waste, often in close proximity to humans or domesticated animals. Filth flies include some of our most common fly pests - house flies, fruit flies, green bottle flies, stable flies, and several others. A single house fly can carry over one million bacteria. No less than 60 different diseases can be transmitted by filth flies, from salmonella to dysentery. Most filth flies can reproduce quickly in warm weather. To keep fly populations under control, you must limit the places where they can breed and feed. Good Sanitation Practices Theres nothing a filth fly likes less than proper sanitation. Adult flies need a place to lay their eggs, and a clean home and yard just wont appeal to mama fly. Heres how to keep flies from breeding in or near your home. Clean up all pet and animal feces promptly. Any fresh, moist animal feces will draw flies. To keep flies from breeding in your dogs business, either bury it immediately or use a pooper scooper and plastic bag to remove and seal the feces. Place the bagged waste in a lidded garbage can.Dispose of kitchen scraps and other organic waste properly. When it comes to food waste, the drier the better. Drain any moisture you can from it before throwing it away. Scrape your plates or other leftovers into a plastic garbage bag, tie the bag shut, and put it in a garbage can with a tight fighting lid.If you save kitchen waste for your compost heap, add some sawdust to your scrap bin to help absorb moisture and odors that might attract flies. If your compost pile does not heat up sufficiently, those kitchen scraps may attract breeding flies. Turn your compost pile regularly, and dont put meats or animal waste in your compost bin.Garbage cans and dumpsters are favorite breeding areas for flies. You can significantly reduce fly populations by keeping lids tightly closed on your trash cans, and making sure the cans have no holes. All garbage within the can should be bagged and tied closed. Dont forget to put your garbage out for collection regularly. Its not a bad idea to scrub out your cans now and then, to remove any food or pet waste residue. Recycling cans also attract some filth flies. Rinse empty soda cans, beer bottles, and pet food cans before tossing them in the recycling. If possible, use a lidded recycling container.If you have fruit trees in your yard, pick up any fruit that falls on the ground. Fermenting or overripe fruit provides just the right combination of moist and sweet to attract flies.Indoors, take care not to overwater your houseplants. Prune and discard of any dying plant parts. Fungus gnat larvae feed on fungi that develop in moist soils and on decaying plant matter. Physical Controls Following all the sanitation rules above will significantly reduce, but not completely eliminate, flies in your yard and home. You can further limit the numbers of these unhealthy pests by using appropriate barriers and traps. Install and maintain tight-fitting window screens. Check your screens for holes or tears, and repair them as needed. Caulk and seal any openings around windows, doors, or in your foundation.Sticky flypaper does work but is most useful when fly populations are low. If youve followed all the steps to limit breeding sites, hanging a few sticky flypaper traps will do the trick on the few that wander into your home. Still, you might not like having a ribbon of dead flies hanging from your ceiling.Commercially available fly traps work well, especially for house flies. Traps usually contain some kind of food bait, sometimes in combination with a pheromone. Place fly traps where you see the most flies. Pesticides Pesticides are available to control flies, but should never be used as the first line of defense against them. Proper sanitation is the best way to keep flies to a minimum. Follow sanitation guidelines, install good window screens, and use traps when needed. You should rarely if ever, need to use a chemical pesticide on flies.

Informatics Nurse Specialists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Informatics Nurse Specialists - Essay Example The department where I work, critical care department, incorporates an information system referred to as subject-based system. In this department, patients who need intensive care are frequently relocated from other hospitals or other sections of the same hospital. The subject-based system captures and stores information derived from a patient's name or a medical record number. The system can also display information derived from a doctor’s name. For instance, doctors can see the list of all their patients who are currently in the hospital. It records all patients who have ever attended the hospital. The system is, in short, a database for all patients’ records. This system relates to nursing informatics in that the specialists also need to have background information regarding the patient that they are looking after. Hence, nurses also play a vital role in the development of this system. An informatics nurse specialist is responsible for collecting and analyzing data a nd planning the design of information systems. Informatics nurse specialists train and oversee the work of nurses and administrators (Ball, 2007). In this role, their aims would consist of improving treatment and administration regimens, workflow procedures, record keeping practices, and health decision-making practices. Some of the essential skills that informatics nurse specialists have are critical thinking, active learning, reading comprehension, system analysis, and system evaluation. Informatics nurse specialists use logic and reasoning to discover strengths and weaknesses of alternative answers, approaches, or conclusions regarding health issues (Ball, 2007). They understand the consequences of fresh information for both present and future decision-making and problem-solving. They need to have a proper understanding of complex sentences and paragraphs in job related documents. With regard to system analysis, informatics nurse specialists can determine the way a system should work and how changes in the operations, conditions, and surroundings will influence the outcomes. Also, informatics nurse specialists can identify indicators or measures of system performance and the actions required to correct or improve performance related to the objectives of the system. It is a necessity for informatics nurse specialists to have knowledge in computer and electronics such as chips, circuit boards, computer hardware and software, processors, electronic equipment, including applications and programming. Finally, they also need to have skills in educating and training others (Ball, 2007). This includes skills in teaching, designing, as well as instructing individuals and groups regarding nursing informatics. The expenditures of managing and processing health care information are a considerable element of hospital operating budgets. However, health care is far behind other industries in the successful application of information technology (IT). Nurses are the largest group of individuals who utilize health care information systems (Englebardt, 2002). Hence, enhancing nurses' information management competence will have a significant outcome. Informatics nurse specialists comprehend the technology and concepts of nursing information management, and they can offer operational and tactical benefits to nursing organizations. All nurses are known to be

Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Government - Essay Example In contrast, unitary governance system is characteristic of power centralization. Instead of having independent states or provinces, as it is the case in the United States, a unitary system functions based on subnational units. Critical to note is that these subnational units are subject to the influence of the central government. In this respect, the central authority governs local governments under the unitary system. Great Britain and France are good examples of governments that practice the unitary system. While national and state governments share power under federalism, the central government decentralizes or delegates power to subnational units under the unitary form of government (Lansford 44). Political cultures that adopt federalism are those that believe in more than one body of legislation. These cultures lack parliamentary systems, and instead rely on bicameral constitutional provisions for legislation formulation and implementation. In contrast, most unitary governments are unicameral. In order to share and subsequently regulate power, legislation at the state or province level is either approved or rejected by the head of the national government. Most importantly, both state and national governments work together in social, economic, or political matters. Religious beliefs and practices vary from one region to another. In the United States, religious freedom is constitutionally provided for. In other words, the constitution makes it clear religion and state are two different entities. What this means is that the government, through congress, cannot interfere with an individual’s choice, belief, or practice of religion. The constitutional provisions made in the First Amendment accord protection to the religious freedoms of the American people. The free exercise clause prohibits congress from interfering with religious beliefs or practices of the American people (Horwitz 63). On

Rational Choice Theory Essay Example for Free

Rational Choice Theory Essay A Significant theory to me will be the Rational Choice theory. This theory explains how people make decisions by seeking the most cost-effective means to achieve a specific goal without reflecting on the worthiness of that goal; to maximize personal advantage by weighing costs against benefits without moral or ethical values. It is a popular theory as it is an efficient system that explains and predicts a behavior of a person, and to larger extent, a collective group of people. Understanding this theory would allow a person to understand quickly how decisions are made, and the impact of the decisions on a society — how it functions and performs economically. Based on this theory, people’s measured decisions are often calculated based on financial benefits and costs. Singapore, by and large, has functioned on this theory, which has benefited from this tool of measurement and prospered since the days of nation building. However, this theory will work perfectly only if everyone in the society shares the same values, had perfect information, and the ability to make the most rational decisions at any point in time. People living in a society with homogenous values, such as Singapore, have similar behavioural patterns, which enable this theory to work. However, on a global scale, this theory will no longer work as peoples’ values are varied and culturally diverse. The most rational choice for one man might be an irrational choice for another. And when this occurs, there will be unpredictability and the results that follow can be disastrous. The Great Financial Crisis is a good example of the rational choice theory gone awry. Financial institutions’ goal is to maximize profits. To maximize profits, financial institutions have to find ways to create profits. One of these methods was to get creative with offering mortgage to people who wanted to own homes. Credit terms were made easy and the securities in place to safeguard the process were ignored. These consolidated loans were sold to big investment banks which resold them as securities offering high returns. Credit agencies working for these investment banks told investors’ that securities were safe. Selling a financial product based on a large group on loans was supposed to limit the risk if a few loans went bad. However, a large number of loans, later known as toxic, were borro wed by individuals with no financial means. Furthermore, many of these loans were offered in the form of adjustable rate mortgage, which started out with an initial period of low interest rate, and later ballooned up to three times the initial rate. All these borrowers were saddled with a monthly mortgage payment way beyond their monthly income. To make matters worse, the sprint to own a house on such easy terms had created a housing bubble, causing house prices to escalate astronomically. This phenomenon further pushed people to borrow way beyond their means. Consequently, millions of homeowners were unable to repay their mortgage loans. The financial institutions disregarded moral and ethical values to draw up shady credit schemes. Consolidated mortgages were bundled in with the toxic ones and resold for profits. Individuals felt the need to buy a house simply because everyone else was buying a house without the discretion of affordability and the hyper-inflated housing prices. Ea ch acted on imperfect knowledge to maximize personal benefits and disregard moral and ethical values. Rational choice theory can be an efficient method as a decision-making tool to attain goals, but it is definitely too simple an application on a macro context. To make a good decision, one has to balance cost-benefit analysis with moral and cultural factors.

Lessons of Major Barbara, Good Woman of Setzuan, and Madwoman of Chaillot :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Lessons  of Major Barbara,  Good Woman of Setzuan, and  Madwoman of Chaillot   Philosophers all over the world have pondered over the idea of evil.   This brings up another extremely essential question, â€Å"how should we live?†Ã‚   Because we know that evil is existent in our world, does that mean we must live with the knowledge, accept it and conform to society’s ideal that only the cunning survive?   Or do we keep our original identity of purity and goodness at heart in our everyday lives.   The three pieces of literature that we read all deal with this dilemma in different ways.   And like in all good stories, good prevails over evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The first play that we will discuss was my favorite.   It is entitled The Good Woman of Setzuan written by the German author Brecht.   This story is about a woman that was too kind for her own good.   Her name is Shen Te.   In the beginning of the story she is a prostitute but at the end she becomes a successful tobacco shop owner, fiancà © and mother-to-be.   Shen Te also creates another character that displays her deceitful and greedy side, or the side of her that could survive in her society, Shui Ta.   He is a brash and brutal young man who drives spongers away.1 Yang Sun is an unemployed airman that Shen Te saves from committing suicide.   He is a big creep that later admits that he has no intention of marrying her and is after Shen Te’s money.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The story starts off when three gods come to earth in search of a good human being.   Unless they discover at least one, the world would cease to exist.   After traveling from town to town they arrive in Setzuan.   No one in the town would let them stay the night except Shen Te, who was then the town prostitute.   The gods realize that they have found their one good human and repay her kindness and hospitality with a large sum of money.   After the gods depart, the townspeople all flock to Shen Te in hopes of receiving some of her money.   This is when she is forced to disguise herself as Shui Ta, her crude male cousin.   She then falls in love with Yang Sun who she saves from suicide.   After they plan to get married, Yang admits to Shui Ta that he is after Shen Te’s money and does not plan to marry. Lessons of Major Barbara, Good Woman of Setzuan, and Madwoman of Chaillot :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays Lessons  of Major Barbara,  Good Woman of Setzuan, and  Madwoman of Chaillot   Philosophers all over the world have pondered over the idea of evil.   This brings up another extremely essential question, â€Å"how should we live?†Ã‚   Because we know that evil is existent in our world, does that mean we must live with the knowledge, accept it and conform to society’s ideal that only the cunning survive?   Or do we keep our original identity of purity and goodness at heart in our everyday lives.   The three pieces of literature that we read all deal with this dilemma in different ways.   And like in all good stories, good prevails over evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The first play that we will discuss was my favorite.   It is entitled The Good Woman of Setzuan written by the German author Brecht.   This story is about a woman that was too kind for her own good.   Her name is Shen Te.   In the beginning of the story she is a prostitute but at the end she becomes a successful tobacco shop owner, fiancà © and mother-to-be.   Shen Te also creates another character that displays her deceitful and greedy side, or the side of her that could survive in her society, Shui Ta.   He is a brash and brutal young man who drives spongers away.1 Yang Sun is an unemployed airman that Shen Te saves from committing suicide.   He is a big creep that later admits that he has no intention of marrying her and is after Shen Te’s money.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The story starts off when three gods come to earth in search of a good human being.   Unless they discover at least one, the world would cease to exist.   After traveling from town to town they arrive in Setzuan.   No one in the town would let them stay the night except Shen Te, who was then the town prostitute.   The gods realize that they have found their one good human and repay her kindness and hospitality with a large sum of money.   After the gods depart, the townspeople all flock to Shen Te in hopes of receiving some of her money.   This is when she is forced to disguise herself as Shui Ta, her crude male cousin.   She then falls in love with Yang Sun who she saves from suicide.   After they plan to get married, Yang admits to Shui Ta that he is after Shen Te’s money and does not plan to marry.

Dabur Brand Revie

The brand name Dabur is derived from the words ‘Da' for ‘Daktar’ or ‘Doctor’ and ‘bur' from Burman. From those humble beginnings, the company has grown into India's leading manufacturer of consumer healthcare, personal care and food products. Over its 125 years of existence, the Dabur brand has stood for goodness through a natural lifestyle. An umbrella name for a variety of products, ranging from hair care to honey, Dabur has consistently ranked among India’s top brands. Its brands are built on the foundation of trust that a Dabur offering will never cause anyone slightest of harm.The trust levels that this brand enjoys are phenomenally high. Dabur had a turnover of approximately US$ 750 Million (Rs. 3390. 9 Crore FY 09-10) ;amp; Market Capitalisation of over US$ 3. 5 Billion (Rs 15500 Crore), Ner income of : (INR) 425 Crore (2008-09)with brands like Dabur Amla, Dabur Chyawanprash, Vatika, Hajmola and Real. The company has kept an eye on new generations of customers with a range of products that cater to a modern lifestyle, while managing not to alienate earlier generations of loyal customers. The company's growth rate rose from 10% to 40% Dabur Foods, a subsidiary of Dabur India is expecting to grow at 25%.Its brands of juices, namely, Real and Active, together make it the market leader in the Fruit Juice Category Value: Mass market value For money The brand trunaround† why? Overall slow down in FMCG Stiff competition To target young india – largest consumer Modernize old brand equity-â€Å" intangible asset† Dabur also has reinvented the mother logo Enter new category; innovate offerings Repositioning as FMCG company Moved away from Umbrella branding strategy Retaining Dabur as corporate brand identity Dabur’s New Brand Architecture 5 Power Brands Umbrella brand for juice and other foods; aimed at p market consumer Product to be launched is Lemon Juice: Branded fruit beverage market in I ndia is estimated to be worth Rs. 1,200 crore (nectars, drinks and juices combined)The fruit drink market Juice accounts 30%,Nectar:10%, Fruit drinks:60% COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS Pepsi co: Nimbooz has grown 29% Coca Cola : Minute Maid Nimbu Fresh- pulp based drink Parle : LMN this has grown 30% Market size of Lemon Juice in India in Organized sector: The unpackaged nimbu paani market in India is very large; to put it in perspective, it is twice the size of the total carbonated soft drinks industry. India’s Parle Agro, the name behind the LMN brand which launched a year ago, has outperformed the market growing 30 per cent. Of the 600m-case juice market, lemon juice drinks have a 44 per cent share. According to an industry report 120bn litres of beverages are consumed annually in India with 55 per cent of sales of Indian soft drinks during the summer months of March to May, and companies are keen to maximise growth in this season.If next year’s summer is as hot as this one, a nimbu paani drink or three will definitely be in order Target market: 1) Primary and secondary market SEC A and SEC B * Recreational * Fitness * Health Lifestyle * Sports Primary Market: * Teens – More experimental * Youth – Experimental and more buying power Working People who travels a lot * Secondary Market Secondary market: Travel Industry – Airlines, Railways and Local Transport Systems ,Recreational – Movie Theatres, Malls, Amusement Parks, school, collages, hotels, restaurants Market Segmentation: * Metropolitan Cities, major cities of the states, and towns. * Density of Area: Urban, Semi-urban, Rural. Climate: Tropical * Age – 8 and above * Users perceive Lemon juice as a healthy drink. * Users drink fruit juice as a refreshing alternative to carbonated drinks.Users willingly spend on products related to health and lifestyle. Users enjoy Lemon juice not only as a means of healthy life, but as an intrinsically enjoyable Marketing strategy of Dabur: Dabur should reinforce the authentic â€Å"homemade† taste through aggressive marketing campaigns and have tried to appeal to the increasingly health-conscious Indian consumer by making them without artificial ingredients. Product Type: lomon Juice Features: Lemon Juice is a 100 percent Lemon juice which will be produced and marketed by the Dabur ltd. Brand Name: Lemon Juice Product Life Cycle: Our product lie in introduction period Low sales * High costs per customer * Negative profits * Innovator customers * Few competitors Objective: to create awareness and trial * Offer a basic product * Price at cost-plus * Selective distribution * Awareness – dealers and early adopters * Induce trial via heavy sales promotion * Place Distribution Channel Product location availability Modes of transportation * Pricing Provide Lucrative discounts, deals and schemes Adopt sales oriented objective Have one price policy [email  protected] 8 Rs/ 200Ml * Promotion Promotiona l Tactics Provide free samples in the market for the brand awareness Advertising:To our target audience by using the message showing a glass full of Lemon juice â€Å"Drink this much every day â€Å" Tie up promotional strategy with: PVR, In film advertising Hero Honda: Hero Honda Motors Limited, based in Delhi, India is a joint venture between the Hero Group of India and Honda of Japan[2][3] It has been referred to as the world's biggest manufacturer of 2-wheeled motorized vehicles since 2001, when it produced 1. 3 million motorbikes in a single year. During the fiscal year 2008-09, the company has sold 3. 28 million bikes and the net profit of the company stood at Rs. 1281. 7 crore, up 32% from the previous fiscal year. verification needed][3] Hero Honda has been the largest two wheeler company in the world for nine consecutive years. The company had a market share of 41. 35% in the year 2008-2009 and over a 25 year span it has crossed the 15 million unit milestone. Hero Honda s ells more two wheelers than the second, third and fourth placed two-wheeler companies put together. [4] The company's most popular model is the Hero Honda Splendor, which is the world's largest-selling motorcycle, selling more than one million units per year Hero† is the brand name used by the Munjal brothers for their flagship company Hero Cycles Ltd.A joint venture between the Hero Group and Honda Motor Company was established in 1984 as the Hero Honda company,India. During the 1980s, the company introduced motorcycles that were popular in India for their fuel economy and low cost. A popular advertising campaign based on the slogan ‘Fill it – Shut it – Forget it' that emphasised the motorcycle's fuel efficiency helped the company grow at a double-digit pace since inception. Hero Honda has three manufacturing facilities based at Dharuhera and Gurgaon in Haryana and at Haridwar in Uttarakhand.These plants together are capable of churning out 3. 9 million bi kes per year. [citation needed] Hero Honda's has a large sales and service network with over 3,000 dealerships and service points across India. Hero Honda's customer loyalty program,[clarification needed] the Hero Honda Passport Program, claims to be one of the largest programs of its kind in the world with over 3 million members Launch of New Prodcut: Honda Cart: A three Wheeler Cart will be a . 75 ton truck in the commercial vehicle segment which is dominated by large trucks. It can be called India's next generation mini truck .The sub one ton loads were transported by the three wheeler goods carriers. Although the quality and performance of these three wheelers are less than desirable there was still huge demand for these vehicles. It is this market where TATA Ace is the only leading competitor . It is the transportation at the † last mile† market that Ace has captured. Honda Cart will have all the qualities of a winner. It will be cute, the engine would be good inter ms of mileage and performance, the comfort factor can very much there and more over it is a Truck and not an Auto.Priced competitively at 2. 00 lakh to 2. 20 lakh, which is below Ace is a value proposition that no one can refuse. The brand will launched at a point where there was a need for transportation of good speedily and conveniently and in a cost effective manner. Need for the Honda Cart: Honda Cart will be cost-effective means for local transport of small cargo in the long run. Previously, customers had to incur additional charges by renting vehicles with a much larger payload for small cargo movements. Due to pradhan mantri gramin sadak yojana , Road onnectivity is expected to greatly improve in rural areas ?It is envisaged that higher tonnages vehicles will be not allowed in cities ?In both the cases, all last mile distributing will be covered by large vehicles ?The exciting production in this category is cumbersome , coupled with safety, pollution ;amp; comfort etc.. issue s Market Research : To understand the potential customer better. It found that there were two types of customers for Honda Cart : cost sensitive customers, and others who valued return on investment (ROI).The company targeted ROI customers who were willing to pay a higher price but wanted low operating costs. Comparative analysis :The Honda Cart would provide excellent economy with oil change required only for every 10,000 km when compared to three wheelers which required it for every 2,500 km. Evne TATA ACE required at every 9,000KM. The vehicle traveled at a top speed of 70 km per hour and had a mileage of 20 km per liter with a high payload capacity in compare to TATA ACE which has speed of 65 km per hour and 18km per liter as mileage. This enabled the owners to make more trips in less time.Bajaj Auto, Force Motors, Eicher, Piaggio and Ashok Leyland are very much on their way to entering the one-ton four-wheeler space. † The official further added, â€Å"Players like Eiche r and Swaraj Mazda, which are already present in the 1. 5-ton truck space, will now shift their focus to one ton. † Product: Honda Cart. PLC- Entry stage. Brand Name: Honda Cart Price: 2. 00Lakh-2. 20Lakhs Place : Tier II and III cities. Rural and semi urban. Promotion: The company could offer a range of additional accessories such as vehicle protection system, music systems and even Ganesha idols.Apart from the hygiene quality Honda will also look at the aspects of delight and value enhancers * Giving one Honda cart in free in large villages and in big town give one Honda cart per free per 5 km sq feet area to goods carrier * Reduce pollutants as compared to 3 wheeler from 21 % to 40% Market scenario: TATA ACE has captured 65% of the small commercial vechile segment Target Segment: The target segment are those who want to upgrade from these three wheelers and one who carry/ upload tons of goods

Nectar in a Sieve Analysis

Ashley S. Dela Vina English Nectar in a Sieve Novel Analysis K(What I know about the novel)| W(What I want to know about the novel)| L(What I learn from the novel)| Nectar in a Sieve is an Indian novel written by Kamala Markandaya. It is about a girl who was married at a young age to a farmer. And faced a lot of challenges throughout her life. | I want to know how the protagonist of the story will live her life as a wife. Also the struggles she will face and the things she would do and sacrifice in order to overcome her hardships in life. Life is naturally hard and disastrous. We just have to learn how to face these disasters in order to succeed and survive. Giving up is not the solution to everything. Hope and perseverance will always stand against the odds in our lives. Rukmani shows the need to hold onto hope and the nectar of life despite all the overflowing tragedies. | The KWL Chart The novel started with the protagonist, Rukamani, narrating her own story in a first person poin t of view. Having a flashback of all the happenings in her life, Rukmani was able to analyze all the different events in her life.Rukmani is an educated woman who is married to a farmer named Nathan at the age of twelve. Her marriage is one of the greatest times in her life and she is thankful that her husband is kind to her. Rukmani wishes to raise a happy and healthy family while Nathan wishes to buy their own land. They had their first child Ira, and then followed by five sons; Arjun, Thambi, Murugan, Raja and Selvam. In Rukmani’s later years she gave birth to Kuti. The major conflict in the novel was the fight between life and death for the poor people of the small village.But when you go beneath the surface, you will see that it is not just a matter of life and death, but also a fight between the evil and the good that was challenged by the constant struggles that happened. The arrival of the tannery was a turning point in Rukmani’s life. Her restriction to Iraâ⠂¬â„¢s freedom from the tannery workers foreshadows the troubles her son will have with them. Two of her sons were dismissed at the tannery for leading the strike of workers after sometime of working there. She deals with losing her daughter because of her marriage that is too good to be true.Her marriage is also a form of foreshadowing in the novel. It foreshadows the future trouble with her fertility and security. Her husband returned her to her family because she cannot bear a child. Rukmani tried seeking for Kenny’s help but it was too late because Ira’s husband already found another wife. Rukmani’s sixth son, Kuti, brought Ira out of depression. She took care of the child until drought came and the family suffered hunger again. Kunthi’s prostitution foreshadows Ira’s similar fate. Ira turned to prostitution in order to feed Kuti. Kenny’s comeback symbolises hope for them.He returned from his long absence with the money he will use to pu t up a hospital. He offers help to Rukmani’s son, Selvam to be his assistant which Selvam quickly accepted. Kunthi’s blackmail attempt exposes Rukmani’s long held secret (her visit to Kenny’s clinic) and reveals that Nathan fathered Kunthi’s sons. Just as Nathan and Rukmani’s marriage survived Kunthi’s storm and became stronger, the family survives the drought and dares to hope once again. Ira had an albino child from prostitution but the family welcomed the child wholeheartedly despite what the villagers think.Just when it seems that the family had overcome everything, the biggest of the challenges came. They were told that they have to leave their land immediately because it was already sold to the tannery. Their decision to go to the city marks as the climax because this will change the direction of their lives. In the city, they found Puli, an orphan who helped them look for their son. During their travel at the city, they found o ut that their son left his wife and child and moved to some other place. They were also robbed at the temple and Rukmani wanted to go back to their village.When Nathan died at the temple in Rukmani’s arms, she went back home with Puli. Rukmani is a very strong woman. She has undergone so many struggles but yet, she doesn’t lose hope. The novel has different themes: hunger as threat to dignity, knowledge as power, and importance of fertility. Hunger and poverty is a powerful enemy to someone. People will do everything for fear of hunger, even sacrifice their dignity. Rukmani lost her sons because of hunger. Her elder sons seek new lives in other land; another son was killed for stealing, leaving Rukmani grieving.For fear of hunger her daughter turned to prostitution. She herself almost killed someone for thinking the last piece of their rice was being taken. In the novel, hunger and poverty breeds people who has no dignity. People with knowledge hold power. The tannery won against the workers because they have more knowledge. For Rukmani, white men have power and so she turned to Kenny. Kunthi uses her knowledge of Rukmani and Nathan’s secrets to exercise evil power. Puli’s knowledge of the city helped Rukmani and Nathan to look for their son.The commendable characters in the novel were the ones who apply their knowledge to good deeds. Importance of fertility is shown throughout the novel. Not just the fertility of women but also the fertility of the land. She sought the help of Kenny for fear of infertility and this caused Kunthi to blackmail her. Ira’s problems were also caused by her barrenness. She lost her husband for not being able to produce him a child. The fertility of the land is a symbol of life, it is so important to the villagers for when the land does not produce, the people will starve.The bullocks were related to the peasants of the land. The bullocks highlight the harmony of nature. The bullocks, like the peas ants, suffered from the injustice of overwork. They overwork for their owners to earn a living every day. The sari is a sorce of dignity, status, and pride. Rukmani’s sari on her wedding shows that her father was the headman and that she comes from important people. The Hinduism belief, dharma was present in the novel. It was shown in the novel when Rukmani sold the sari together with their bullocks and other possessions to pay for the land they live.By selling her most prized possession, she reduces her attachment to worldly goods as an important step toward achieving the hindu virtue of dharma. Rukmani is a strong voice of the poor because she seaks with carity and truth. She gets stronger in every challenge because of her devotion to truth. With her, the Hindu belief that truth surpass all other moral values was shown in the novel. Sources: http://thebestnotes. com/booknotes/Nectar_Markandaya/Nectar_In_A_Sieve05. html http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/nectar/facts. html http ://www. enotes. com/nectar-sieve

How to Write a Research Paper in Anthropology

How to Write a Research Paper in Anthropology Writing a research paper in Anthropology can be a brand-new experience for college students, who are new to this subject. The truth is that thinking in an anthropological way, first of all, means suspending your point view on how the world works, as well as on what is ‘weird’ and what is ‘normal.’ Generally, Anthropology is known as the study of people in all areas and times and comprises four major sub-sections, such as: Physical/Biological Anthropology (focuses on the behavioral and biological aspects of human beings, and their related non-human primates, especially from an evolutionary perspective); Cultural Anthropology (focuses on the connections of people and culture); Philosophical Anthropology (the study focuses on the study of the problems of our existence in the world as a whole, as well as seeks answers for the question about the essence of man); Archaeology (the field of study focuses on human activity through the recovery and analysis of artifacts); Linguistic Anthropology (the discipline focuses on how language influences social life). In other words, this field of study asks you to try to understand cultural differences as they are, forgetting your ego and ethnocentrism, in order to see differences without putting these differences in any sort of order. If you’re taking any of the courses mentioned above, you will be required to write a research paper in Anthropology at some point. This instructional guide will enlighten you on how to get the paper done successfully based on credible anthropological information/sources. When writing for Cultural, Linguistic, or any other Anthropology class, you will be required to deal with a couple of things in every paper: Question cultural norms in a critical manner (in both – your culture and the cultures of other people); Analyze ethnographic information (data related to everyday events, activities, histories, interviews) to trace important and interesting patterns; Arrange ethnographic and the rest sorts of evidence (newspapers, historical accounts, an so on.) in order to describe, study, and analyze an event, a phenomenon, or cultural issue, or to support an argument about one; Check the theoretical perspective critically to ensure it makes sense in cultural phenomena. Choose Your Topic as a Focused Research Question To put in shortly, Anthropology studies humanity. Since there are many different types of anthropological branches and studies, you’ll have no problems with deciding on a topic to research. We’ve listed some of the hottest issues to research and discuss in the research paper in Anthropology: The Impact of the West on North American Indigenous Peoples; Ethnic Cleansing: Genocide in the World’s History; The Influence of Health, Culture, and Illness on Human Society; Mythologies and Its Relevance to Modern Culture; The Impact of the Culture of the Ancient Indians on the Development of American Culture; Aristotle’s View on a Human Soul and Body Bound in Essence; Anthropological Meaning and Essence of Historicity; Lord of the Things: An Anthropological Exploration of the Society of Consumers; Marriage Rituals in Different Countries All over the Globe; The Role of Women in Chinese Culture; Similarities and Differences in American and Asian Rock; Anthropology of Heidegger: Reflection on the Essence of a Human in the Light of Being; Studying Twins in Different Parts of the Globe and Throughout Time; The Role of Literature in the Development of Human Society; Migration and Its Impact All over the World; The Underwater Archaeology: Future Perspectives; The Relevance of Feminism in Modern Western Culture; The Impact of Social Media on Different Cultures; Relationship between Scientific and Philosophical Cognition of a Human; The Modern Man: What Have We Lost? Outline the Research Paper Outlining is not an Anthropology-based feature. That’s one of the most important things to do in case of any academic project. Make sure to begin and end your research paper outline in one sitting. You will be able to come back to it later and edit it at any point as you move along. However, having a well-done outline before you dive into the writing routine will help you work more efficiently, faster, and more effectively. If your topic is about Medical Anthropology, you will need to build a solid outline. This is how an outline of Medical Anthropology research paper may look: I. Introduction A. What is Medical Anthropology? B. Main principles of Medical Anthropology II. The current global situation in Medical Anthropology. A. Main problems in the field of Medical Anthropology B. Social conditions of Medical Anthropology vulnerable subgroups III. Finding solutions for Medical Anthropology gaps A. Ways of scanning Medical Anthropology niches C. International cooperation IV. Conclusion Anthropology Thesis Statement Checklist The introduction is like a road map in your research paper. You have to indicate clearly what you’re about to do. Make sure your intro reveals what the research essay is about, what you’re about to discuss, how you’re going to discuss it, what examples you’d like to use to demonstrate your argument, and what is the key aim of the project. If you fail to inform your target readers on what you’re talking about, they might come up with their own points of view that, in turn, will cause a range of misunderstandings. Start your intro broad and narrow down its focus. For instance, begin with a statement about what is Anthropology in general. Go on with Physical Anthropology, then Nutritional Anthropology. After that, proceed to your own subject of study. Your introduction section must contain a solid thesis statement. The following list enlightens you on how you can tell if your thesis statement is a good one. A solid thesis statement contains one main idea. If the subject has more than one point, your research project will confuse your readers. A clearly expressed key point will provide your paper with a strong focus. A solid thesis statement shows that its author takes stand and justifies the topic discussion. Make sure your thesis statement always answers the ‘so what?’ question and proves you have analyzed and researched the issue from A to Z to come up with the right conclusions. It’s recommended to produce the thesis statement that your readers could disagree with. Otherwise, what’s the point? A solid thesis statement is narrow and focused on a specific subject. If the thesis statement is too broad, your research paper won’t be well developed. If the thesis statement turns out to be too specific, you’ll fail to provide enough information on the topic. The right specificity depends on the length of the research paper. Make sure you can thoroughly research and discuss the issue within the given length. A solid thesis statement is flexible. In other words, you have to be able to change your thesis statement at any stage of work. When you’re at the starting point of your work, you have no idea where your research and analysis are going to take you. Thus, make sure you can modify the thesis whenever you feel like and the way you want it to. Writing the Main Body of Your Research Paper At this point, your outline will come in handy. When you’re in the middle of writing, don’t think your outline is like a trap. It’s not! Feel free to use it and change it to make sure your paper flows logically and smoothly. However, don’t step away from the thesis statement and the main theme of the project. If at some point, you decide to quote any piece of text word-for-word, ensure to cite the source. Mention the source of your quote and use quotation marks. Provide more details about the quote on References or page. If you decide to do paraphrasing, i.e., not using the exact words, but using someone else’s idea, give credit as well. You don’t have to use quotation makes here; however, ensure to mention where exactly this or that idea originates from. To integrate your sources into the research paper discussion, make sure to analyze, summarize, explain, and evaluate each published work instead of merely mentioning it. Don’t overwrite in this section. Although your tutor may encourage you to develop your own elegant style, make sure to first aim for precision and clarity in your writing. Once you’re a precision and clarity guru, feel free to experiment more with complex and wordy sentences, different speech figures, and so on. Use the active voice. Use passive voice only when you need it to make your writing look more beautiful. Prepare the Tables and Figures Without a doubt, your research paper in Anthropology will contain some tables, figures, and graphics of some kind. These elements are an integral part of the project because they are numbers that represent the author’s findings and the methods that s/he used throughout the research. Describe the Methods In the Methods section, your task is to: Describe how you performed the experiment; Provide a rationale for why you have chosen specific experimental procedures; Give a description of what you have done in order to answer the research paper question and how exactly you did that; Explain how you have analyzed your results. Give the Results So, what did you find? Provide the direct results of your anthropological research here: Present your findings in the same order as in the section called Methods; Present data in charts, tables, graphs, or any other figures that you like to work with; Report on how you collected information, chose the participants of your experiment, etc.; Provide data that is corresponding to the central research question; Give secondary findings. Writing the Conclusion When thinking about the conclusion of the research paper in Anthropology, think of it as an extra part attached to the end of the project after you’ve done your argument or analysis. This part will serve as a reflection of your introduction. Make sure to remind your audience how you took them from the start through to the end of the essay and why. Mention the logical thoughts that connected one topic/issue to another. Have you succeeded to prove your argument? Why is your research significant in the chosen field of study? Sum up each of the approaches you used together with the obtained results. Mention some discrepancies discovered between your research work and the other Anthropology studies that served as the basis for your investigation as a whole. Give ideas on how your project can be improved and advanced. Mind the Audience When you’re done with the research paper writing stage, and the time to review and edit your piece comes, make sure to ask yourself if your paper will be easy-to-understand to another student interested in the topic, but not pursuing a degree in the course. College tutors are usually more excited to see how you write your research paper that might be interesting to those who don’t take the same course. It’s a big mistake to believe that you’re writing the research paper in Anthropology for your tutor or any other expert in the field! Besides, don’t think that your target readers have read the same articles, books, websites, or watched the same videos as you. College research papers in Anthropology address topics that are usually picked by the students or given by the professor. These projects require you to put course content into a detailed conversation with other academic literature on a particular topic or issue. The project will entail conducting effective research of information in the library – both the electronic and printed ones. Typically, students are not limited to articles and books that are narrowly Anthropology-oriented. In addition to that, you will be asked to search for material from various disciplines that is related to your topic. You’ll need to synthesize and organize the articles and books to be able to speak to the argument you’re about to make. The paper must be well-organized and properly arranged, with every part of it building upon the others and supporting the project’s main argument.

10 Facts About Military Schools

10 Facts About Military Schools If you are looking at a private school for your son or daughter, military school is one option worth considering, particularly if you are looking for  a boarding school. Here are some facts about military schools to help you make that decision, including a few that may surprise you. There Are Approximately 66 Military Schools in the US There are approximately 66  military schools in the U.S., most of which serve students in grades 9 through 12. However, more than 50 of those military high schools also include junior high, typically grades six, seven and/or eight. A few schools enroll students in younger grades, but the military curriculum doesnt always apply. Most military schools are residential schools, which means students reside on campus, and some schools offer the option of boarding or day.   They Instill Discipline Discipline is the first word which comes to mind when you think of military school. Indeed, discipline is the essence of military schools, but it doesnt always refer to a negative form of discipline. Discipline creates order. Order creates results. Any successful person knows that discipline is one real secret to her success. Put a young, rough around the edges man in a military high school and the transformation will astound you. The structure smooths and refines. The program demands greatness from its participants. This environment is also a place for students looking to engage in advanced studies and leadership opportunities in a rigorous environment. The level of positive discipline prepares them for the rigors of college, careers or military involvement.   Build Character Being a team member, learning to execute orders and sacrificing ones personal needs for the good of the group - these are all character building exercises every good military school teaches its students. Service above self is an integral part of most military schools philosophy. Integrity and honor are core values to which every school commits. Students who attend military school leave with a sense of pride in themselves, their communities and their roles as good citizens of the world.   Selective Admission The idea that anybody can get into military school is simply not true. Military schools set their own individual admission requirements. In most cases, they are looking for young people who want to make something of themselves and succeed in life. Yes, there are some military schools devoted to helping troubled teens turn their lives around, but the majority of military schools are institutions with some of the highest admittance criteria around.   Demanding Academics and Military Training Most military schools offer extensive college preparatory courses as part of their academic curricula. They combine that demanding academic work with rigorous military training so that their graduates are poised to matriculate to college and universities everywhere. Distinguished Graduates The rolls of military schools are filled with distinguished graduates who have gone on to be successes in just about every endeavor you care to name. Not just in military service either. JROTC JROTC or Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps is a Federal program sponsored by the U.S. Army at high schools nationwide. The Air Force, Navy, and Marines offer similar programs. About 50% of JROTC program participants go on to active military service. JROTC provides an introduction to military life and philosophy at the secondary school level. It is an important part of most military schools programs. The instructors are usually retired officers of the armed forces. Leadership Development Developing leaders is at the core of a military schools philosophy. One of the objectives of that kind of training is to develop students leadership skills. Most schools offer carefully designed leadership programs designed to maximize each students fullest potential. A Path to the Service Academies Military schools are often seen as a path to the service academies. And, while it is true that they offer the right sort of training and experience the academies require, parents and students need to bear in mind that nominations to our nations service academies are extremely selective and limited. Only the best of the best get in. Patriotism Patriotism is at the core of military training. The history of our country and how it got to where it is in the 21st century is an important part of what military schools teach as well. Inspiring service to our nation is the mission of a military school. Resource Association of Military Colleges and Schools of the United States    Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Nagel and Russell on Absurdity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nagel and Russell on Absurdity - Essay Example Thomas Nagel and Betrand Russell wrote about the absurdity that defines life. Many philosophers have focused on the issue of absurdity as it is one of the surging worries that human beings experience continually. This explains why different philosophers have been trying to highlight the causes of the debilitating feeling that every venture in life is absurd. Realizing the causes of the feeling of absurdity has not been enough. There is the ardent desire of understanding the different ways of dealing with absurdity. This paper will analyze the views of Nagel and BetrandRussell concerning the absurdity. Summary of the ‘Absurd’ by Nagel Nagel begins by highlighting the fact that many people often make known their feeling that life presents a lot of absurdity, sometimes in a continuous manner. However, he asserted that few of the reasons used to explain how the absurdities of life result serve as adequate defense to explain why life is that way. He provides examples of the reasons that people have put forward as potential causes of absurdity. One of these reasons is the opinion that whatever transpires in life at the moment does not present evidence that it will matter in a million years into the future. The feeling that current ventures in life do not present any feasibility of being crucial factors in a progression of a million years. Nagel refutes this claim by highlighting that such thinking invites critical thought of analyzing whether things really matter. If one can doubt whether something happening in the current life will matter in the future, then it is only rational to realize that whether that thing is b ringing happiness or misery, it may not even matter (Pojman 555). For other people, the absurdity of life emerges from the realization that human are minute forms in a vast universe. This perception of human life in terms of space and time in comparison with the entire universe does not suffice to explain the cause of absurdity in life. Nagel argues that this reason is insufficient because little would change even if humans occupied a larger proportion of the universe (556). He opined that living a longer life and occupying greater space would imply that absurdity would increase at the same proportion of space and time. Nagel also mentions that some people experience absurdity because they realize that all then justifications used to present life with meaning will eventually diminish. However, Nagel mentions that even if these justifications were reliable enough to define the entire process of life, they would diminish eventually. He further argues that even if a single justificatio n had the potential of defining an individual’s entire life, it would require an additional justification to make it worthwhile (556). According to him, all chains of justifications depend on external factors for their relevance, factor that makes them diminish at some point. With this argument, Nagel highlighted that it was pointless to blame the insufficiency of justifications for the absurdity of life. In the second part, Nagel begins by highlighting the fact that absurdity resulted from the crises and discrepancies between the pretexts and aspirations of an individual in life. However,he highlights that individual often visualize a way of adjusting aspirations. In case such an adjustment is impossibility, the individual tries to avoid the reality of the absurd situation. However, the feeling of absurdity increases when an individual does not find a valid escape from the previously defined aspirations (557). Moreover, Nagel highlighted that a person’s ambitions were possible causes of the feeling of absurdity especially if the person keeps searching changes that present the potential of altering life. This may often result is an individual takes life’s decisions activities too seriously. He highlights that although life needs constant attention, taking it too seriously can be detrimental causing absurdity. Moreover, perceiving others

Case Study on Liability for Supply Defective Product Coursework

Case Study on Liability for Supply Defective Product - Coursework Example Paul Price has the right to demand for the repairing of the Actifrys or ask for a replacement or demand for a credit note. If any customer has incurred any pecuniary losses due to usage of such faulty products, the retailer has the every responsibility to make good the loss sustained by Paul Price. Under Limitation Act 1980, a customer has up to six years to initiate legal proceedings against the retailer for the supply of defective product.(Bhatia, 2008:458). APPLICATION The Sale of Goods Act (Amended) will be applicable to all transactions where products are transferred for a consideration or price. Contracts of sale may be either implied or expressed with stipulations concerning any contract, or refer to mere consumer contracts. Nonetheless, once it has been decided that the Sale of Goods Act is applicable to a transaction, there are some stipulations implied in the sale by the Act. A seller cannot avoid these stipulations. For each sale of products, the Sale of Goods Act 1979 sti pulates that wherever there is a sale of products by depiction, there exists an implied stipulation simultaneously that the products offered will have to be identical to their description. Thus, the seller must offer the consumer what has been advertised. S.13 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 (amended) is applicable to all sales, whether by business or individuals. Anyone who offers a product to another will be covered. S.13 is applicable to all products with no concern over purchasing scenario. S.13 is a significant section as it offers the right to a consumer either to obtain a refund or to reject a product. The consumer has the right either to accept or reject a product and is not at the mercy of a seller. S.30 of the Act offers protection to a consumer where the products are not corresponding to the description, and also offers a relief to the buyer if the quantity or description of the products differs from what has been advertised or requested. S.14 of the Act stipulates that pro duct sold should be of merchantable quality. If a consumer purchased the product after 2003, he has every right to request either to repair or replace the defective products within 6 months of receiving the products. (Bryan, 2009:16). Even if the shop where the purchase was made had included an exclusion clause limiting liability, still the shop cannot escape from the liability to Paul Price. Exclusion clause cannot offer any protection to the seller even when exclusion clause tries to shun accountability to consumers. The sellers usually will incorporate the exclusion clause into the contract by trying to have a blanket avoidance of any accountability to the buyers for any detriment, loss, injury or damage and even in case of death. In the majority of cases, courts have declined to implement such clauses if they are not brought to the attention of the buyer at the time of signing the contract or if the exclusion clause imposes unduly exorbitant or onerous penalties. Further, as the exclusion clauses are so damaging to the rights of the consumers, courts will always have narrow interpretation, and this is known as â€Å"contra proferentemâ€Å" rule under English Law. (Jones & Benson, 2011:298). In â€Å"Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co [1951] 1 KB 805†